Periodontal disease begins with gingivitis, which is the inflammation of the gums.
Gingivitis is caused by the bacterial plaque that is formed on the teeth, which if not treated promptly, usually results in periodontitis.
Early signs of periodontitis
- Bleeding gums
- Red, swollen, or tender gums
- Shrinking gums
- Bad breath
- Pain in gums
Periodontitis is the progressive stage of gingivitis during which inflammation spreads to the jawbone. In advanced stages of the disease, teeth lose their support and become highly mobile. Periodontitis is the main cause of tooth loss in adults.
Risk factors of the disease
- Poor oral hygiene
- Accumulation of plaque
- Smoking
- Poor nutrition
- Pregnancy
- Genetics
- Certain medicines (contraception, antiepileptics)
- Certain diseases (diabetes, leukemia)
- Dry mouth
What is the Therapy for Periodontitis?
The type of therapy depends on the severity of each case. Conservative therapy aims at the removal of tartar and the improvement of the patient’s daily oral hygiene. In advanced stages, collaboration with a special periodontist is often required.
